What Is Organic Fertilizer?
Anything that uses organic matter (compounds containing carbon) as fertilizer is called organic fertilizer. Generally speaking, organic fertilizer is the dead bodies of animals and plants and the feces excreted by animals. Organic fertilizer is divided into commercial organic fertilizer and farmyard fertilizer. Farmyard manure includes soil manure, barn manure, circle manure, topping manure, compost, green manure, human urinary manure, etc. So what is the role of organic fertilizer?
Ⅰ. It Can Increase The Aggregate Structure Of The Soil
The soil aggregate structure is a kind of soil structure in which several single soil grains are bonded together to form an aggregate. Small pores are formed between single particles, and large pores are formed between aggregates. Small pores can retain water, and large pores can maintain ventilation. The soil with agglomerated structure can ensure the good growth of plant roots and is suitable for crop cultivation and growth.
The effect of aggregate structure on soil fertility:
- Can coordinate the contradiction between moisture and air;
- It can coordinate the contradiction between the consumption and accumulation of nutrients in the soil organic matter;
3. It can stabilize the soil temperature and adjust the soil heat condition;
4. Improve cultivability and facilitate the extension of crop roots.
Ⅱ. It Can Improve The Air Permeability And Porosity Of The Soil
The leaves of fruit trees breathe in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen; the roots breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. For fruit trees to carry out normal nutrient circulation, the respiratory roots in the shallow layer of the ground must have sufficient oxygen supply, which requires the soil to have porosity and air permeability. Soil air permeability is proportional to the size of soil particles, and is affected by soil moisture content, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and air temperature. Soil air permeability is also called soil air permeability, which is the ability of soil air to exchange with the atmosphere, or the rate at which the atmosphere enters the soil. It is closely related to the soil structure, especially the pore characteristics. The soil with a high total porosity or large pore ratio has good air permeability. For example, well-structured soil has better air permeability than poorly-structured soil; sandy soil is better than clay soil; soil with moderate moisture content is better than excessively moist soil; top soil is better than lower soil, etc.
Ⅲ. It Can Improve The Soil And Balance The Acid-Base
The strength of the soil’s acidity and alkalinity is often measured by its pH. The reason why the soil is acid-base is that there are a small amount of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in the soil. When the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than that of hydroxide ions, the soil is acidic; otherwise, it is alkaline; when the two are equal, it is neutral. Most of the soil pH in my country is in the range of 4.5 to 8.5, and the pH value increases from south to north, forming a situation of “acidity in the south and alkali in the north”. Due to the difference in climate between the north and south of my country, the south is humid and rainy, and the soil is mostly acidic, while the north is arid and less rainy, and the soil is mostly alkaline. Soils that are too acidic or too alkaline will reduce the availability of soil nutrients to varying degrees, making it difficult to form a good soil structure, seriously inhibiting the activity of soil microorganisms, and affecting the growth and development of various crops.
Ⅳ. It Can Improve The Quality Of Agricultural Products
Changes in the main organic components in the fruit:
1. Moisture. Except for chestnuts, walnuts and other nuts and other dried fruits, the moisture content of most fruits is 80% to 0%.
2. Sugar, acid. Sugar, acid content and sugar-acid ratio are the main indicators of fruit quality. The sugar in the fruit is most glucose, fructose and sucrose. Starch is present in the young green fruits. Different fruit types also contain different sugars. For example, grapes, figs, cherries have more glucose and fructose; peaches, plums, and apricots. Medium sucrose is more than reducing sugar. The organic acids in the fruits mainly include malic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid. Apples, pears, and peaches are mainly malic acid, and citrus, pomegranate, and figs are mainly citric acid. The acid content in the fruit is low in young fruits. The growth of the fruit improves, and it decomposes as a breathing matrix in the near-mature fashion.
3. Pectin. The internal cause of fruit firmness is the binding force between cells, the mechanical strength of the cell constituents and cell turgor, and the binding force between cells is affected by pectin. Immature fruit original pectin exists in the middle gum layer of the primary wall, which connects the cells to each other. As the fruit matures, it becomes soluble pectin and pectinate under the action of enzymes to soften the pulp. The content of cellulose and calcium has a great influence on fruit firmness.
4. The aroma and peculiar smell of the fruit. Aroma and peculiar smell are important factors that determine the quality of the fruit. Many fruits have astringent taste, mainly tannins, and the main bitterness component in citrus is naringin. The fruit also contains vitamins. Vitamin A is a yellow fruit with a lot of carotene, such as apricot, loquat, persimmon, etc. Prickly pear, jujube, Chinese kiwi, and sea buckthorn contain relatively high vitamin C, and young fruits containing chlorophyll contain high content. , With the growth of the fruit, the absolute amount increases, but the content per unit of fresh weight decreases, the peel is higher than the core, and the sunny side is higher than the backlit side.
5. Changes in pigments. The color of the fruit includes chlorophyll, carotenoids, anthocyanins, anthocyanins and flavonoids. The structure of carotenoids is tetraterpenes ©. There are 500 kinds of carotenoids. They exist in chloroplasts and plastids. They bind to proteins and protect cells from damage by strong light. When the fruit matures, the chlorophyll decreases and the carotene increases. .
Ⅴ. Contain Various Nutrients
Organic fertilizer not only contains rich organic matter and organic acids, such as humic acid, amino acid, and fulvic acid, but also contains various large, medium and trace elements. Although the content is low, it is relatively comprehensive. Generally speaking, nitrogen grows leaves, phosphorus grows flowers, potassium grows fruits; silicon protects roots, calcium protects fruits, magnesium protects leaves, sulfur protects flavor; iron prevents yellow leaves, copper prevents deciduous leaves, molybdenum prevents mosaic leaves, zinc prevents leaflets, Boron anti-roll leaf.
